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- EAST-WEST, Page 24When the Tanks Rolled In
-
-
- "We are being jammed . . . We are being jammed . . . When you
- hear the Czech national anthem you will know it's all over."
-
- -- Radio Prague, August 1968
-
- The last surge of reformist fervor in Czechoslovakia ended
- abruptly the night of Aug. 20, 1968, when some 500,000 soldiers
- from five Warsaw Pact nations flooded across the borders. As the
- invading armies advanced on Prague, elite paramilitary units of the
- KGB landed at the capital's Ruzyne Airport, then fanned out and
- secured key transportation and communication centers. Czechoslovak
- citizens awoke to find the streets of all major cities blocked by
- tanks.
-
- When the invasion began, the leaders of Alexander Dubcek's
- government were meeting to consider further liberalization and the
- ouster of some hard-liners from the ruling Presidium. "How could
- they do this to me?" Dubcek reportedly exclaimed. "I have served
- the cause of the Soviet Union and Communism all my life." All the
- reformers were quickly arrested, and Dubcek was hustled off to
- Moscow to be reprimanded by Brezhnev. TASS offered the lamest of
- rationales. "Party and government leaders," the Soviet news agency
- claimed, "have asked the Soviet Union and other allied states to
- render the fraternal Czechoslovak people urgent assistance" against
- counterrevolutionary forces. Moscow's assertion of the right to use
- force to prevent departures from Communist orthodoxy in satellite
- nations came to be known as the Brezhnev Doctrine.
-
- The Czechoslovaks resisted as best they could. Mobs of youths
- surrounded the tanks and tried to persuade the young soldiers
- manning them to pull out. When persuasion failed, the Czechoslovaks
- began throwing garbage, rocks, bottles and, finally, fire bombs.
- A battle was fought around the offices of Radio Prague, where tanks
- and troops had to push through a barricade of buses and a hail of
- Molotov cocktails before taking over the station. In all, nearly
- 100 people were killed as the Warsaw Pact forces consolidated their
- putsch.
-
- In the face of overwhelming military power, the will to resist
- soon waned, but dissidents continued to broadcast from clandestine
- radio stations for days after the invasion. "We have no weapons,"
- said one renegade transmission, "but our contempt is stronger than
- tanks."